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Prey densities vs predators4/13/2024 ![]() Ĭole KS, Sadovy Y (1995) Evaluating the use of spawning success to estimate reproductive success in a Caribbean reef fish. īernache DR, Robertson DR, White CR, Marshall DJ (2018) Fish reproductive-energy output increases disproportionately with body size. Ecology 97:2729–2739īenkwitt CE (2017) Predator effects on reef fish settlement depend on predator origin and recruit density. īenkwitt CE (2016) Central-place foraging and ecological effects of an invasive predator across multiple habitats. īenkwitt CE (2015) Non-linear effects of invasive lionfish density on native coral-reef fish communities. īejarano S, Lohr K, Hamilton S, Manfrino C (2015) Relationships of invasive lionfish with topographic complexity, groupers, and native prey fishes in little Cayman. īarbour AB, Montgomery ML, Adamson AA, Díaz-Ferguson E, Silliman BR (2010) Mangrove use by the invasive lionfish Pterois volitans. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 448:1–5Īnton A, Cure K, Layman CA, Puntila R, Simpson MS, Bruno JF (2016) Prey naïveté to invasive lionfish Pterois volitans on Caribbean coral reefs. Īlbins MA, Lyons PJ (2012) Invasive red lionfish Pterois volitans blow directed jets of water at prey fish. Īlbins MA, Hixon MA (2008) Invasive indo-pacific lionfish Pterois volitans reduce recruitment of Atlantic coral-reef fishes. Īlbins MA (2015) Invasive Pacific lionfish Pterois volitans reduce abundance and species richness of native Bahamian coral-reef fishes. Thus, differential effects exist between native and non-native predators, and invasive lionfish pose a non-consumptive threat to bicolor damselfish via reduced growth and fecundity.Īlbins MA (2013) Effects of invasive Pacific red lionfish Pterois volitans versus a native predator of Bahamian coral-reef fish communities. Bicolors changed behavior (feeding and aggression) in the presence of all native fishes, but not in the presence of lionfish. I observed behavioral responses of bicolors to the two piscivores, to bluehead wrasse, and to two herbivorous fishes ( Acanthurus coeruleus, Scarus spp.) as non-aggressive controls. Neither predator had a detectable effect on bicolor body size, but lionfish density was negatively correlated with the size of mature adult damselfish. Bicolor fecundity was negatively correlated with lionfish density but not graysby or bluehead density. ![]() Bicolor fecundity was measured as the number and size of egg-masses that individual fish laid. Body size and location of lionfish and graysby were monitored on reefs in the Bahamas. To test these hypotheses, I monitored bicolor damselfish (Stegastes partitus) in the presence of invasive predatory Pacific lionfish ( Pterois spp.), a native predator (graysby, Cephalopholis cruentata), and an egg predator (bluehead wrasse, Thalassoma bifasciatum). Theory predicts that consumptive effects should be greater for non-native predators (due to prey naiveté), and non-consumptive effects should be greater for native predators (due to predator recognition). Additionally, non-native predators may elicit different behavioral responses from prey compared to native predators. Native prey may not recognize non-native predators as a threat, and therefore may suffer pronounced effects. Non-consumptive effects include altered behavior and reduced growth and fecundity. Predators may have consumptive (lethal) and non-consumptive (sub-lethal) effects on prey.
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